Igwe ọkụ thermoplastic, ma ọ bụ rọba na-eme ka ahụ dị nro, bụ ihe rọba, polymer, nke na-aghọ nke a na-atụgharị ma ọ bụ na-akpụ akpụ n'elu otu okpomọkụ ma na-esiwanye ike mgbe ọ jụrụ oyi.
Ọtụtụ thermoplastics nwere nnukwu ibu molekụla.Agbụ polymer na-ejikọta site na ike intermolecular, nke na-ebelata ngwa ngwa site na ụbara okpomọkụ, na-emepụta mmiri mmiri viscous.Ya mere, enwere ike ịmegharị thermoplastics site na kpo oku ma na-ejikarị emepụta akụkụ site na usoro nhazi polymer dị iche iche dị ka ịkpụzi injection, ịkpụzi mkpakọ, calendering, na extrusion.Thermoplastics dị iche na polymers thermosetting, nke na-etolite agbụ kemịkalụ a na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha n'oge usoro ọgwụgwọ.Thermosets anaghị agbaze mgbe ọ na-ekpo ọkụ: ha na-emebi emebi ma ghara imezigharị mgbe ha jụrụ oyi.
Acrylic:Acrylic, polymer a na-akpọ poly (PMMA), bụkwa nke aha azụmaahịa dị ka Lucite, Perspex na Plexiglas mara.Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe ngbanwe siri ike maka iko maka ihe ndị dị ka aquariums, visor okpu okpu ọgba tum tum, windo ụgbọ elu, ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na-ekiri, na lenses nke ọkụ mpụga nke ụgbọ ala.A na-ejikarị ya eme akara, gụnyere mkpụrụedemede na logos.Na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, a na-eji ciment ọkpụkpụ na dochie anya anya anya.Agba acrylic nwere ihe PMMA kwụsịtụrụ n'ime mmiri.
ABS:Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) bụ terpolymer emepụtara site na styrene na acrylonitrile n'ihu polybutadiene.ABS bụ ihe dị arọ nke na-egosipụta nguzogide mmetụta dị elu na ike nrụpụta.Ọ na-etinye ihe egwu ole na ole na ahụike mmadụ n'okpuru njikwa nkịtị.A na-eji ya n'ọtụtụ ngwaahịa ndị ahịa, dị ka ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka, ngwa ngwa, na ekwentị.
Naịlọn:Naịlọn bụ nke klaasị polymer a na-akpọ polyamides.Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe ngbanwe tumadi maka hemp, owu na silk, na ngwaahịa ndị dị ka parachute, eriri, ụgbọ mmiri, uwe mwụda na uwe ụmụ nwanyị.Naịlọn eriri na-aba uru n'ime ákwà, eriri, kapeeti na egwu urụk, ebe na nnukwu ụdị, naịlọn na-eji maka n'ibu akụkụ gụnyere igwe skru, gia na ike ngwá ọrụ casings.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-eji ya na-emepụta ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ.
PLA:Polylactic acid (polylactide) bụ polyester aliphatic thermoplastic na-emebi emebi sitere na akụrụngwa emeghari ohuru, dị ka starch ọka (na United States), mgbọrọgwụ tapioca, ibe ma ọ bụ starch (ọtụtụ n'ime Eshia), ma ọ bụ okpete.Ọ bụ otu n'ime ihe eji ebipụta 3D nwere usoro ihe nleba anya fused deposition (FDM).
Polybenzimidazole:Polybenzimidazole fiber bụ eriri sịntetị nke nwere ebe mgbaze dị oke elu.Ọ nwere okpomọkụ na kemịkalụ kwụsie ike na ọ naghị agba ọkụ ngwa ngwa.Ọ bụ onye American polymer chemist Carl Shipp Marvel chọtara ya na nchụso ihe ọhụrụ nwere nkwụsi ike ka elu, njigide nke isi ike, ike na okpomọkụ dị elu.N'ihi nkwụsi ike ya dị elu, a na-eji Polybenzimidazole na-emepụta uwe nchebe dị elu dị ka ngwa ọkụ ọkụ, uwe elu mbara igwe, mkpuchi mkpuchi okpomọkụ dị elu, uwe akwa na akwa mgbidi ụgbọ elu.N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, polybenzimidazole chọtara ngwa ya dị ka akpụkpọ anụ na mkpụrụ ndụ mmanụ.
Polycarbonate:A maara thermoplastics polycarbonate (PC) n'okpuru ụghalaahịa dịka Lexan, Makrolon, Makroclear, na arcoPlus.A na-arụ ọrụ n'ụzọ dị mfe, na-akpụzi, na temometa maka ọtụtụ ngwa, dị ka ngwa eletrọnịkị, ihe owuwu ihe owuwu, ngwaọrụ nchekwa data, ụgbọ ala na akụkụ ụgbọ elu, ịlele sọks na prosthetics, na nchekwa glazing.Polycarbonates enweghị koodu njirimara resin pụrụ iche.Ihe ndị sitere na polycarbonate nwere ike ịnwe precursor monomer bisphenol A (BPA).
Polyether sulfon:Polyether sulfone (PES) bụ klaasị nke thermoplastics emebere nke ọma na nkwụsi ike dị elu, oxidative na hydrolytic, yana ezigbo iguzogide acid ịnweta mmiri, alkalis, ngwọta nnu, mmanụ na griiz.
Polyoxymethylene:Polyoxymethylene (POM), nke a makwaara dị ka acetal, polyacetal na polyformaldehyde, bụ thermoplastic injinia ejiri mee ihe na akụkụ ziri ezi nke chọrọ isi ike dị elu, obere esemokwu, na nkwụsi ike akụkụ dị mma.Dị ka ọ dị n'ọtụtụ polymer sịntetik ndị ọzọ, ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ dị iche iche nwere usoro dịtụ iche na-emepụta ya wee ree ya dị iche iche site na aha dị ka Delrin, Celcon, Ramtal, Duracon, Kepital na Hostaform.
Polyetherther ketone:Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) bụ polymer thermoplastic organic na-enweghị agba na ezinụlọ polyaryletherketone (PAEK), ejiri na ngwa injinịa.Nke bu Victrex PLC webatara ya, emesia ICI (Imperial Chemical Industries) webatara ya na mbido 1980s.Ọ nwere ihe ndị na-adọrọ adọrọ dị ka ezigbo nguzogide abrasion, obere ire ọkụ na ikuku anwụrụ ọkụ na gas na-egbu egbu.
Polyethermide:Polyetherimide (PEI), nke a na-emepụta site na mmeghachi omume mgbanwe nitro ọhụrụ nke metụtara bisphenol A, 4, 4'-methylenedianiline na 3-nitrophthalic anhydride, nwere nnukwu okpomọkụ mgbagha, ike ike na modulus.A na-ejikarị ha eme ihe n'akụkụ ọkụ eletrik na eletrọnịkị dị elu, ngwa ngwa microwave, na akụkụ ụgbọ ala n'okpuru mkpuchi.
Polyethylene:Polyethylene (polyethene, polyethylene, PE) bụ ezinụlọ nke ihe ndị yiri ya nke a na-ekewa dị ka njupụta ha na usoro ihe omimi ha si dị. A na-akpọkwa ya poly ma nweta ya site na mgbakwunye polymerisation nke ethylene. usoro eji eme ihe n'ichepụta ya.Ọ na-eguzogide mmiri na ọtụtụ kemịkalụ.Ọ na-agbanwe na ụlọ okpomọkụ.(na obere okpomọkụ) na enwere ike mechie okpomọkụ.
Polyphenylene oxide:Polyphenylene oxide (PPO), nke enwetara site na free-radical, nzọụkwụ-eto eto oxidative njikọ polymerization nke 2,6-xylenol, nwere ọtụtụ ihe mara mma dị ka nnukwu okpomọkụ mgbagọ na mmetụta ike, kemịkalụ kwụsie ike na ịnweta na organic acid, na obere mmiri absorption.PPO siri ike ịhazi, ya mere a na-eme resin azụmahịa (Noryl) site na ijikọta PPO na polystyrene dị elu (HIPS), nke na-eje ozi iji belata okpomọkụ nhazi.
Polyphenylene sulfide:Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) nwetara site na condensation polymerization nke p-dichlorobenzene na sodium sulfide, nwere nguzogide kemịkalụ pụtara ìhè, ezigbo ọkụ eletrik, ezigbo ọkụ retardance, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ala nke esemokwu na nghọta dị elu na radieshon microwave.A na-ejikarị PPS eme ihe na ngwa mkpuchi.A na-eme nke a site n'ịfesa slurry mmiri mmiri nke ụmụ irighiri ihe PPS na kpo oku ka ọ dị elu karịa 370C.Enwere ike iji akara ule PPS pụrụ iche na ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi na ịkpụzi mkpakọ n'oge okpomọkụ (300 ruo 370 Celsius) nke ụmụ irighiri ihe PPS na-adị nro ma na-aga n'ihu na-agafe agafe.Ngwa ndị bụ isi nke ịgba ntụtụ na mkpakọ kpụrụ PPS gụnyere cookware, bearings, na mgbapụta akụkụ maka ọrụ n'akụkụ dị iche iche na-emebi emebi.
Polypropylene:Polypropylene (PP) bara uru maka ngwaahịa dị iche iche dị ka igbe nri rọba a na-emegharịgharị, microwave- na ebe nchekwa nchekwa plastik, akwa akwa akwa, akwa akwa akwa na casing, eriri, kapeeti, ịkpụzi plastik, sistemu ọkpọkọ, batrị ụgbọ ala, mkpuchi maka eletriki. eriri na ihe nzacha maka gas na mmiri mmiri.Na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, a na-eji ya eme ihe na ọgwụgwọ hernia na iji mee ngwá ọrụ ahụike na-ekpo ọkụ.A na-eji mpempe akwụkwọ polypropylene maka nchekwa ụlọ akwụkwọ na nkwakọ ngwaahịa na ebe nchekwa dị ọcha.A na-akọwa Polypropylene site na nọmba plastik enwere ike ịmegharị 5. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ dịtụghị adị, ọ dị mfe ịnweta radieshon ultraviolet ma nwee ike iweda ya nke ukwuu na ìhè anyanwụ.Polypropylene anaghị eguzogide mmetụta dị ka polyethylene (HDPE, LDPE).Ọ na-esikwa n'ike gasị ikuku na mmiri mmiri na-agbanwe nke ukwuu.
Polystyrene:A na-emepụta polystyrene n'ụdị dị iche iche nwere ngwa dị iche iche.A na-eji polystyrene extruded (PS) arụpụta ihe mkpofu, CD na DVD, ụdị plastik nke ụgbọ ala na ụgbọ mmiri, yana ụlọ nyocha anwụrụ ọkụ.A na-eji ụfụfụ polystyrene gbasaa (EPS) eme ihe mkpuchi na ihe nkwakọba ihe, dị ka "ahụekere" na ụfụfụ a kpụrụ akpụ nke a na-eji eme ka ngwaahịa ndị na-esighị ike eme ihe.A na-eji ụfụfụ polystyrene extruded (XPS), nke aha azụmaahịa mara Styrofoam, na-emepụta ụdị ụlọ na iko mmanya maka ihe ọṅụṅụ na-ekpo ọkụ.A na-eji polystyrene copolymer eme ihe eji egwuri egwu na ihe mkpuchi ngwaahịa.
Polyvinyl chloride:Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) bụ ihe siri ike, dị fechaa nke na-eguzogide acid na ntọala.Ọtụtụ n'ime ya na-eji ụlọ ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ, dị ka maka vinyl siding, drainpipes, gọọlụ na akwa akwa.A na-agbanwekwa ya ka ọ bụrụ ụdị mgbanwe na mgbakwunye nke ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ọ baa uru maka ihe ndị dị ka hoses, tubing, mkpuchi eletrik, uwe mkpuchi, jaket na ihe mkpuchi.A na-ejikwa PVC na-agbanwe agbanwe na ngwaahịa ndị nwere ike ịfụ ọkụ, dị ka akwa mmiri na ihe egwuregwu ọdọ mmiri.PVC bụkwa ihe a na-ahụkarị na ọnụ ọgụgụ ọrụ vinyl, karịsịa na mba ndị dị ka Japan, ebe a na-eji ihe ahụ eme ihe na ihe a na-akpọ Sofubi.Dị ka PVC na-ehulata n'ụzọ dị mfe ma na-enwekarị mgbagwoju anya n'oge a na-agafe agafe, usoro iji 'mmezi' nrụrụ a bụ ikpo ọkụ plastik ruo mgbe ọ ghọrọ mkpanaka, wee 'na-ehulata' ihe ahụ n'ọnọdụ ziri ezi.
polymer:polymer bụ akara aha DuPont maka ụdị polymer polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), nke bụ nke klas nke thermoplastics.
Oge nzipu: Mee-01-2018